styrene is an important constituent of widely used organic solvents in industries for production of various synthetic materials. the use of solid-phase extraction (spe) has grown and is a fertile technique of sample preparation as it provides better results than those produced by liquidliquid extraction. in this study, spe has been optimized, regarding sample ph, sample concentration, sample fl...

a pressurized fluid extraction (pfe) method for the extraction of pistachio oil was developed using a modified supercritical fluid extractor. the supercritical fluid extraction apparatus was modified to be able to pump liquid solvent and co2 into the extraction vessel alternatively. the experimental results showed that the extraction yield was independent of the extraction pressure. it was also...

gelatin is a protein hydrocolloid. because of its unique characteristics such as gel forming, thickening, stabilizing, emulsifiing, foam and film forming, is widely used in food industries. in this research, in order to optimize the factors which affect enzymatic extraction method of gelatin ,the effects of three variables, enzyme concentrations(2-10 ppm), time(8-16 hours) and temperature(60-80...

In the past few decades, there is increasing trend to use products from natural resources. Dyes obtained from natural sources are among such products. The present research mainly focuses on optimization of extraction conditions during a natural dye extraction from the flower petals of a tree ‘Flame of Forest’. Taguchi technique was employed for optimization of the parameters namely raw dyestuff...

in this study, the diffusivity and volumetric mass transfer coefficients for the extraction of β-carotene from crude palm oil using co2 solvent in supercritical fluid were determined in the pressure range of 7.5-17.5 mpa and temperature range of 80-120 ºc. for this purpose, a statistical method was applied in order to minimize the number of experiments required. the volumetric mass transfer coe...

chaetomorpha sp is one of the persian gulf green algae which can be a marine source of natural antioxidants such as polyphenols. industrial and economic development of these materials is influenced by effective extraction and application methods. microwave-assisted extraction (mae) and ultrasound-assisted extraction (uae) are novel techniques which have a potential to apply in laboratory with a...

This paper introduces an innovative road network extraction algorithm using synthetic aperture radar (SAR) imagery for improving the accuracy of road extraction. The state-of-the-art approaches, such as fraction extraction and road network optimization, failed to obtain continuous road segments in separate successions, since the optimization could not change the parts ignored by the fraction ex...